Saint-Pierre Cathedral

Saint-Pierre cathedral is one of those buildings that has stood the test of time, incorporating a little of the style of each period. In 919, the Norman invasions destroyed the first wooden church in Vannes. A new one therefore had to be built. Construction was completed at the beginning of the 11th century, thanks to two brothers: Bishop Judicaël and his brother Geoffroi 1st of Brittany. The Romanesque church was the site of a new building in the 13th century.

A remnant of this period is still visible. This is the base of the bell tower, which you can see on the left of the façade. The difference with the Gothic tower on the right is striking. The construction of the cathedral you see today began in the 15th century.

Back then, the old Romanesque cathedral was gradually becoming overcrowded. This was particularly true given the number of pilgrims who constantly flocked to the tomb of Saint Vincent Ferrier. Vincent Ferrier is the city’s patron saint, buried in the cathedral and canonised by Pope Calixtus III in 1455. However, pilgrims came with offerings that were worth a lot of money. As a result, the cathedral was remodelled in the new Gothic style that was popular in France from the 13th century onwards. The nave was rebuilt, followed by the porch and transepts.  In the 16th century, the beautiful round chapel considered to be a jewel of the Renaissance was built!

But the architectural styles don’t stop there! The vault and choir date from the 18th century, and the south tower and west facade date from the mid-19th century. With the Roman church tower added in, you’re looking at 7 centuries of religious architecture, and that’s something you don’t see every day!

It is the seat of the diocese of Vannes, and bears the title of minor basilica. This honorary title, granted by the Holy See, was created to recognise the historical, artistic or religious importance of some churches. They are known as ‘minor’ basilicas, to distinguish them from the 4 major basilicas located only in Rome. Now, let’s take a look inside before continuing our tour.