Castillo del Principe

You might not feel it, but you’re standing near one of the highest points in Havana. To your right is the Loma de Aróstegui—one of the tallest hills in the city. Back in the day, hills were prime military real estate, perfect for building formidable fortresses to ward off and fight enemies. Follow this street and take the second right—onto Calle F—to find the one that defended the Vedado district: the Castillo del Príncipe. After Havana was captured and occupied by the British for nearly a year in 1762, the city realised how vulnerable it was, and began building fortified structures, both inside and outside the city walls. That’s how, in less than ten years, the Castillo del Príncipe came to be. This massive, pentagon-shaped fortress was named in honour of the son of King Charles III of Spain. Its bastions, buttresses, and deep trenches have evolved many times over the centuries. It served as a national, then local prison for nearly 50 years, from the colonial era until the early days of revolutionary Cuba. Most of the prisoners were major political figures and key revolutionaries. Among them were José Martí, a leading voice in the fight for independence, and Julio Antonio Mella, one of the founders of the Cuban Communist Party. Listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982, the Castillo del Príncipe now serves a ceremonial role, watching over Havana from above.